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Concise Pathology, 3e
| Part B. Systemic Pathology > Section XV. The Nervous System > |
Chapter 65. The Central Nervous System: IV. Neoplasms
Sections: The Central Nervous System: IV. Neoplasms: Introduction, Astrocytomas, Oligodendroglioma, Ependymal Neoplasms, Medulloblastoma, Pineal Neoplasms, Meningioma, Nerve Sheath Neoplasms, Cerebellar Hemangioblastoma, Malignant Lymphomaof the Brain, Neoplasms Derived Fromembryonal Remnants, Metastatic Neoplasms.
Topics Discussed: central nervous system tumor.
Excerpt:"Intracranial and spinal neoplasms may be primary or metastatic; in most autopsy series, metastatic tumors are more common. Primary intracranial neoplasms number about 13,000 new cases per year in the United States and represent about 2% of deaths from malignant neoplasms. They are the second most common group of neoplasms in children, after leukemia and lymphoma if considered as one group. Taken overall, 65% of primary intracranial neoplasms are of glial origin (gliomas), 10% meningiomas, 10% acoustic schwannomas, 5% medulloblastomas, and 10% others. Primary malignant lymphomas of the central nervous system have recently increased in frequency because they are common in patients with acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS). Tumors of neurons per se are extremely uncommon except in childhood (eg, medulloblastoma).Classification on a histogenetic basis has great theoretical value and provides a means of logically remembering all the different kinds of intracranial neoplasms (Table 65-1).Compression of adjacent neural tissues occurs with all expanding neoplasms. When the rate of growth is slow, compression leads to atrophy, which may cause symptoms of dysfunction—eg, atrophy of the motor cortex adjacent to a meningioma..."
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