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Vaughan & Asbury's General Ophthalmology, 17e
Mydriatics & Cycloplegics
Sections: Mydriatics &
Cycloplegics, Mydriatics
(Sympathomimetics), Phenylephrine
Hydrochloride (Neo-Synephrine, Others), Cycloplegics
(Parasympatholytics), Atropine Sulfate, Scopolamine
Hydrobromide, Homatropine
Hydrobromide, Cyclopentolate
Hydrochloride (Cyclogyl, Others), Tropicamide
(Mydriacyl, Others), Cyclopentolate
Hydrochloride-Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (Cyclomydril).
Topics Discussed: atropine; cyclomydril; cyclopentolate hydrochloride; cycloplegics; homatropine hydrobromide; mydriatics; ophthalmic agent; parasympathomimetics; phenylephrine; scopolamine hydrobromide; sympathomimetics; tropicamide.
Excerpt:
"Mydriatics and cycloplegics both dilate the pupil. In addition,
cycloplegics cause paralysis of accommodation (patient unable to see
near objects, eg, printed words). They are commonly used drugs in
ophthalmology, singly and in combination. Their prime uses are (1)
for dilating the pupils to facilitate ophthalmoscopy; (2) for paralyzing
the muscles of accommodation, particularly in young patients, as
an aid in refraction; and (3) for dilating the pupil and paralyzing
the muscles of accommodation in uveitis to prevent synechia formation and
relieve pain and photophobia. Since mydriatics and cycloplegics
both dilate the pupil, they should be used with extreme caution
in eyes with narrow anterior chamber angles since either a mydriatic
or a cycloplegic can cause angle-closure glaucoma in such eyes.Phenylephrine is a mydriatic with no cycloplegic effect...."
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