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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 6e
| Section 3: Resuscitative Problems and Techniques > |
Chapter 26. Blood Gases: Pathophysiology and Interpretation
Sections: Blood Gases: Pathophysiology and Interpretation: Introduction, Ventilation, Diffusion of Gases, Alveolar Gases, Arterial Blood Gases, Other Methods of Evaluating Blood Gases, References.
Topics Discussed: blood gases.
Excerpt:
"Human lungs serve two distinct functions: ventilation and oxygenation.
Ventilation, which determines the clearance of carbon dioxide from
the body, is a function of the rate and depth of breathing. Oxygenation
is the diffusion of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream for
subsequent delivery to the tissues. The separation between oxygenation
and ventilation is dramatically demonstrated by the apnea test for
determining brain death. During this test, 100 percent oxygen is insufflated
via a thin catheter placed near the carina in an apneic, unventilated
patient. The peripheral oxygen saturation is 90 to 100 percent despite
no clearance of carbon dioxide with severe respiratory acidosis.
This distinction should be considered when managing patients who
are receiving mechanical ventilation. ..."
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