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Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e
| Section II. Neuropharmacology > |
Chapter 13. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) and Dopamine
Sections: 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) and Dopamine: Introduction, 5-Hydroxytryptamine, Physiological Functions of Serotonin, 5-HT Receptor Agonists and Antagonists, Dopamine, Physiological Functions of Dopamine, Bibliography.
Topics Discussed: chemistry of drugs affecting serotonergic neurotransmission; dopamine; dopamine agonists; dopamine antagonist; serotonin; serotonin agonists; serotonin antagonists.
Excerpt:"5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) and dopamine (DA) are neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS) and also have prominent peripheral actions. 5-HT is found in high concentrations in enterochromaffin cells throughout the GI tract, in storage granules in platelets, and broadly throughout the CNS. 5-HT regulates smooth muscle in the cardiovascular system and the GI tract and enhances platelet aggregation. The highest concentrations of DA are found in the brain; dopamine stores are also present peripherally in the adrenal medulla and the transmitter is detectable in the plexuses of the GI tract and in enteric nervous system. DA modulates peripheral vascular tone to modulate renal perfusion, heart rate, and vasoconstriction/dilation. Fourteen 5-HT receptor subtypes and five DA-receptor subtypes have been delineated by pharmacological analyses and cDNA cloning. The availability of cloned receptors has allowed the development of subtype-selective drugs and the elucidation of actions of these neurotransmitters at a molecular level. Increasingly, therapeutic goals are being achieved by drugs that target selectively one or more of the subtypes of 5-HT or DA receptors, or that act on a combination of both 5-HT and DA receptors...."
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