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CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2013
Chapter 38. Poisoning
Sections: Initial Evaluation: Poisoning or Overdose, The Symptomatic Patient, Antidotes & Other Treatment, Diagnosis of Poisoning, Selected Poisonings, Acetaminophen, Acids, Corrosive, Alkalies, Amphetamines & Cocaine, Anticoagulants, Anticonvulsants, Antipsychotic Drugs, Arsenic, Atropine & Anticholinergics,  -Adrenergic Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Carbon Monoxide, Chemical Warfare: Nerve Agents, Chemical Warfare: Ricin, Chlorinated Insecticides, Clonidine & Other Sympatholytic Antihypertensives, Cocaine, Cyanide, Dietary Supplements & Herbal Products, Digitalis & Other Cardiac Glycosides, Ethanol, Benzodiazepines, & Other Sedative-Hypnotic Agents,  -Hydroxybutyrate (GHB), Hypoglycemic Drugs, Iron, Isoniazid, Lead, Lithium, LSD & Other Hallucinogens, Mercury, Methanol & Ethylene Glycol, Methemoglobinemia-Inducing Agents, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, Mushrooms, Opiates & Opioids, Paraquat, Pesticides: Cholinesterase Inhibitors, Petroleum Distillates & Solvents, Quinidine & Related Antiarrhythmics, Salicylates, Seafood Poisonings, Snake Bites, Spider Bites & Scorpion Stings, Theophylline & Caffeine, Tricyclic & Other Antidepressants.
Topics Discussed: poisoning.
Excerpt:"Patients with drug overdoses or poisoning may initially have no symptoms or they may have varying degrees of overt intoxication. The asymptomatic patient may have been exposed to or may have ingested a lethal dose but not yet exhibit any manifestations of toxicity. It is important to: (1) quickly assess the potential danger, (2) consider gut decontamination to prevent absorption, (3) treat complications if they occur, and (4) observe the asymptomatic patient for an appropriate interval.If the drug or poison is known, its danger can be assessed by consulting
a text or computerized information resource or by
calling a regional poison control center. (In the United States,
dialing 800-222-1222 will direct the call to the regional poison
control center.) Assessment will usually take into account the dose
ingested; the time since ingestion; the presence of any
symptoms or clinical signs; preexisting cardiac, respiratory, kidney,
or liver disease; and, occasionally, specific serum drug or toxin
levels. Be aware that the history given by the patient or family
may be incomplete or unreliable...."
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