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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
| Section 2. Disaster Preparedness > |
Chapter 8. Bomb, Blast, and Crush Injuries
Sections: Bomb and Blast Injuries, Crush Injury and the Crush Syndrome, Acknowledgments, References.
Topics Discussed: blast injuries; crushing injury.
Excerpt:"Terrorism-related bombings using conventional explosives comprise the
vast majority of blast injuries. The Memorial Institute for the
Prevention of Terrorism estimated terrorist activity in 2005 to
include 2650 bombings, with an annual death rate from terrorism-related
activity of 10,860 in 2004, 6200 in 2003, 7349 in 2002, and 6403
in 2001.1 An analysis of 44 mass casualty, terrorist
bombings found an overall 3% (1% to 14%)
mortality and hospital admission rate of 34% (14% to
53%).2 Although bombing of civilian targets
by terrorist groups is not new, the events of 9/11 have
resulted in a heightened awareness and interest in the medical management
of mass casualty incidents.2,3 In the U.S. between
1980 and 1990, there were 12,216 intentional bombings.3 Explosions
from intentional bombings are among the few instantaneous traumatic
events that can produce massive numbers of casualties requiring
immediate medical attention. A review of 14 published studies of terrorist
attacks that occurred between 1969 and 1983 involving a combined
population of 3357 casualties demonstrated that the overall mortality
at the scene was 12.6%, with 30% of the immediate
survivors requiring hospital..."
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