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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
| Section 3. Resuscitation > |
Chapter 26. Fluid and Blood Resuscitation
Sections: Fluid and Blood Resuscitation: Introduction, Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Medical Conditions and Medications, Treatment, References.
Topics Discussed: fluid resuscitation; resuscitation.
Excerpt:"Acute hemorrhage after a traumatic injury carries an ED mortality
rate of 30% to 40%.1 The initial
goals of therapy are control of bleeding and intravascular volume
resuscitation. Resuscitation starts in the prehospital setting and
continues in the ED. Crystalloid solutions, colloids, and blood
products are the primary volume expanders for intravascular volume
depletion. Acute hemorrhage is the main cause of acute intravascular
volume loss, requiring aggressive fluid resuscitation (Table
26-1). Fluid and blood resuscitation is the bridge for maintaining
survival and limiting morbidity until the underlying cause can be
corrected. Other processes that cause loss of plasma fluid and electrolytes
(e.g., dehydration, burns) may require aggressive fluid therapy,
but blood replacement is usually not an immediate concern. This
chapter focuses on the issues related to fluid and blood resuscitation
in acute hemorrhagic shock. Burn resuscitation is discussed in Chapter 210, Thermal Burns, and resuscitation
for sepsis is discussed in Chapter 145, Toxic Shock Syndrome and Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome, and Chapter 146, Septic Shock...."
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