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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
| Section 10. Renal and Genitourinary Disorders > |
Chapter 92. Rhabdomyolysis
Sections: Rhabdomyolysis: Introduction, Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Complications, Treatment, Disposition and Follow-Up, Practice Guidelines, References.
Topics Discussed: rhabdomyolysis.
Excerpt:"Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical and biochemical syndrome that results
from acute necrosis of skeletal muscle fibers and the leakage of
cellular contents into the circulation. Several classification systems
have been developed to characterize the numerous causes of rhabdomyolysis.
None of these systems is universally recognized, and each has its
limitations. Table 92-1 lists commonly recognized
causes. In general, the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis
in adults appear to be alcohol and drugs of abuse, followed by medications,
muscle diseases, trauma, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, seizures,
immobility, infection, strenuous physical activity, and heat-related
illness.1 Multiple causes are
present in more than half of patients.1 In children,
rhabdomyolysis is less common and is thought to be more benign.2 In
one study of children, the most common causes of nonrecurrent rhabdomyolysis
were trauma, viral myositis, and connective tissue disease.2 For
adults and children, inherited metabolic disorders should be suspected
with recurrent episodes of rhabdomyolysis, especially if associated
with exercise intolerance...."
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