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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
Chapter 112. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Apparent Life-Threatening Event
Sections: Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Apparent Life-Threatening Event, Long-Term Outcome, Acknowledgments, References.
Topics Discussed: apparent life-threatening events in infants; sudden infant death.
Excerpt:"Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the unexpected
death of infants <1 year old for which no pathologic cause can
be determined by a thorough history, physical examination, postmortem
examination, and environmental investigation. SIDS is a diagnosis
of exclusion. The syndrome has been a leading cause of death
of infants between 1 month and 1 year of age. In the past, between
5000 and 10,000 infants (1 to 2 per 1000 live births) succumbed
yearly to SIDS. With recent changes in infant sleep position, the
number of deaths has decreased to about 3000, or 0.8 deaths per
1000 infants. In addition, the recognition of other risk factors,
such as bed-sharing and parental smoking, have altered the way sudden
unexpected deaths during infancy are categorized, and the number
of SIDS cases may be, in part, related to this change in diagnostic
criteria.1 Another term that is applicable to these
infants is sudden unexplained infant death, which
includes cases of SIDS.The etiology and pathophysiology of SIDS remain unclear in spite
of continued investigation. Over the years, >70 different theories
have been proposed to explain SIDS, including suffocation from sleeping
with a parent (overlaying), milk allergy,..."
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