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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
Chapter 119. Stridor and Drooling
Sections: Stridor and Drooling: Introduction, Stridor in Children <6 Months Old, Stridor in Children >6 Months of Age, Acknowledgment, References.
Topics Discussed: stridor.
Excerpt:"Stridor is a high-pitched, harsh sound produced by turbulent
airflow through a partially obstructed airway. Both inspiratory
and expiratory stridor are associated with obstruction of the airway.
Two important physical principles influence the clinical presentation
of patients with stridor. As air is forced through a narrow tube,
it undergoes a decrease in pressure (the Venturi effect). This decrease
in lateral pressure causes the airway walls to collapse and vibrate,
generating stridor. The second physical principle is airway resistance.
Resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the
airway radius. This translates into a 16-fold increase in resistance
when the radius is reduced by half. Even 1 mm of edema in
the normal pediatric subglottis reduces its cross-sectional area
by >50%. Thus, a small amount of inflammation can result
in significant airway obstruction in children...."
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