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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
Chapter 130. Headaches in Children
Sections: Headaches in Children: Introduction, Pathophysiology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment, Disposition and Follow-Up, References.
Topics Discussed: headache.
Excerpt:"Headache is pain in the scalp and cranium. Headaches in children
can be mild, refractory, or life-threatening, and can represent
an acute, subacute, or chronic process. Sustained or recurrent headaches
can greatly impact school performance and may even induce behavioral
disturbances.1 Headache accounts for approximately
1% of all pediatric ED visits.2,3 Fortunately,
most headaches in children prompting an ED visit are benign. The
most common ED diagnoses for headache in children are headache associated
with viral and respiratory illnesses (28.5%),2,4 post-traumatic
headache (20%), headache related to possible ventriculoperitoneal
shunt malfunction (11.5%), and migraine (8.5%).3 Serious
causes of headache are reported in 4% to 6.9% of
children and include subdural hematoma, epidural hematoma, proven
ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction, brain abscess, pseudotumor
cerebri, and aseptic meningitis.2,3 Factors correlated
with dangerous conditions include preschool age, recent onset of
pain, occipital location, and the child's inability to
describe the quality of the headache. Emergent neurosurgical conditions
in children with headache are generally predicted by the presence..."
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