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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
Chapter 181. Cocaine, Methamphetamine, and Other Amphetamines
Sections: Epidemiology, Pharmacology, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, Treatment, Disposition and Follow-Up, Acknowledgment, References.
Topics Discussed: amphetamine; amphetamine overdose; cocaine; methamphetamine; poisoning by cocaine.
Excerpt:"Historical records document stimulant use since ancient times
by indigenous cultures in the region of South America, whose members
chewed Erythroxylum coca leaves. Cocaine was first
used therapeutically in 1884 for ophthalmologic procedures. Amphetamines were
first synthesized in 1887, and in 1932 they were first marketed
medicinally in an inhaler form for the treatment of congestion.
Therapeutic use of methamphetamine to enhance physical and intellectual
performance began in the 1930s. Currently these drugs have limited
therapeutic roles, but are widely used as drugs of abuse. All of
these substances cause their effects and toxicity by stimulation
of the sympathetic nervous system...."
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