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Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide, 7e
Chapter 173. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Sections: Epidemiology, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Tyramine Reaction, Drug Interactions, Clinical Features of Acute Toxicity, Diagnosis, Treatment, Disposition and Follow-Up, References.
Topics Discussed: monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Excerpt:"Monoamine oxidase inhibitors were the first class of medications
to be categorized as antidepressants. The current use of these agents
is primarily limited to treating atypical and refractory cases of
depression. The development of newer antidepressants with a more
favorable side effect profile, less overdose toxicity, and no dietary
restrictions (see Chapter 172, Atypical Antidepressants, Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, and Serotonin Syndrome) has
eliminated much of the need for these agents. Nonetheless, it still
remains important that emergency physicians continue their familiarity
with monoamine oxidase inhibitors, because they are associated with tyramine
reactions, serotonin syndrome, and certain medication incompatibilities
that are unique to this class of antidepressants. Intentional overdoses
of monoamine oxidase inhibitors are considered life-threatening
emergencies due to the complex and severe symptoms typically seen
with these types of ingestions. The onset of clinical toxicity is
often delayed to between 6 and 24 hours after ingestion, which can
lead to misdiagnosis and mismanagement...."
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