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CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2013 Chapter 41. Sports Medicine & Outpatient Orthopedics Sections: General Approach to Musculoskeletal Injuries, Shoulder, Spine Problems, Upper Extremity, Hip, Knee, Ankle Injuries. Topics Discussed: orthopedics; sports medicine. Excerpt:"The chief musculoskeletal complaints are typically pain (most common), instability or dysfunction around the joints. Since symptoms and signs are often nonspecific, recognizing the expected combination of symptoms and physical examination signs can help facilitate the clinical diagnosis. Patients may describe symptoms of “locking” or “catching,” suggesting internal derangement in joints. Symptoms of “instability” or “giving way” suggest ligamentous injury; however, these symptoms may also be due to pain causing muscular inhibition. Constitutional symptoms of fever or weight loss, swelling with no injury, or systemic illness suggest medical conditions (such as infection, cancer, or rheumatologic disease)...."
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