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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 12. Critical Care Medicine > Section 2. Shock and Cardiac Arrest > |
Chapter 273. Cardiovascular Collapse, Cardiac Arrest, and Sudden Cardiac Death
Sections: Overview and Definitions, Etiology, Initiating Events, and Clinical Epidemiology, Prediction and Prevention of Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death, Clinical Characteristics of Cardiac Arrest, Prevention of SCD in High-Risk Individuals Without Prior Cardiac Arrest, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: cardiac arrest; death; sudden cardiac death.
Excerpt:"Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is defined as natural death due to cardiac causes in a person who may or may not have previously recognized heart disease but in whom the time and mode of death are unexpected. In the context of time, "sudden" is defined for most clinical and epidemiologic purposes as 1 h or less between a change in clinical status heralding the onset of the terminal clinical event and the cardiac arrest itself. An exception is unwitnessed deaths, in which pathologists may expand the definition of time to 24 h after the victim was last seen to be alive and stable.Cardiovascular collapse is a general term connoting loss of sufficient cerebral blood flow to maintain consciousness due to acute dysfunction of the heart and/or peripheral vasculature. It may be caused by vasodepressor syncope (vasovagal syncope, postural hypotension with syncope, neurocardiogenic syncope; Chap. 20), a transient severe bradycardia, or cardiac arrest. The latter is distinguished from the transient forms of cardiovascular collapse in that it usually requires an intervention to restore spontaneous blood flow. In contrast, vasodepressor syncope and other primary bradyarrhythmic syncopal events are transient and non-life-threatening, with spontaneous return..."
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