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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 8. Infectious Diseases > Section 6. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria > |
Chapter 149. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli
Sections: General Features and Principles, Escherichia Coli Infections, Klebsiella Infections, Proteus Infections, Enterobacter Infections, Serratia Infections, Citrobacter Infections, Morganella and Providencia Infections, Edwardsiella Infections, Infections Caused by Miscellaneous Genera, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: gram-negative bacteria; gram-negative bacterial infections.
Excerpt:"The gram-negative enteric bacilli are common causes of a wide variety of infections involving diverse anatomic sites in both healthy and compromised hosts. Some members of this group have become increasingly resistant to antimicrobial treatment, and new infectious syndromes have emerged. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of clinical presentations and appropriate therapeutic choices is necessary for optimal outcomes.Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Enterobacter, Serratia, Citrobacter, Morganella, Providencia, and Edwardsiella are components of the normal animal and human colonic flora and/or of the flora of a variety of environmental habitats, including long-term-care facilities (LTCFs) and hospitals. As a result, except for certain pathotypes of intestinal pathogenic E. coli, these genera are global pathogens. In healthy humans, E. coli is the predominant species of gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in the colonic flora. GNB (primarily E. coli, Klebsiella, and Proteus) only transiently colonize the oropharynx and skin of healthy individuals. In contrast, in LTCF and hospital settings, a variety of GNB emerge as the dominant flora of both mucosal and skin surfaces, particularly..."
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