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Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e
| Part 8. Infectious Diseases > Section 15. Infections Due to RNA Viruses > |
Chapter 191. Enteroviruses and Reoviruses
Sections: Enteroviruses, Reoviruses, Further Readings.
Topics Discussed: enterovirus infections; reoviridae infections.
Excerpt:"Enteroviruses are so named because of their ability to multiply in the gastrointestinal tract. Despite their name, these viruses are not a prominent cause of gastroenteritis. Enteroviruses encompass 96 human serotypes: 3 serotypes of poliovirus, 21 serotypes of coxsackievirus A, 6 serotypes of coxsackievirus B, 28 serotypes of echovirus, enteroviruses 68–71, and 34 new enteroviruses (beginning with enterovirus 73) that have been identified by molecular techniques. Echoviruses 22 and 23 have been reclassified as parechoviruses 1 and 2; 12 additional human parechoviruses have been identified. These viruses cause disease similar to that caused by echoviruses. Enterovirus surveillance conducted in the United States by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2007–2008 showed that the most common serotype, coxsackievirus B1, was followed in frequency by echoviruses 18, 9, and 6; together, these four viruses accounted for 52% of all isolates.Most infections with poliovirus are asymptomatic. After an incubation period of 3–6 days,  5% of patients present with a minor illness (abortive poliomyelitis) manifested by fever, malaise, sore throat, anorexia, myalgias, and headache. This condition usually resolves..."
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